answer:The effectiveness of an approach to encouraging governments to do better in terms of human rights will depend on the context and the specific issues at hand. However, some of the most effective approaches include: 1. Empowering civil society: When civil society organizations are empowered, they can put pressure on governments to take responsibility for human rights abuses. They can also help to draft and implement human rights laws and policies. 2. Strategic engagement: Dialogue and engagement with governments can create a space for constructive conversations on issues surrounding human rights. 3. Intensified commitment to international human rights mechanisms: International human rights mechanisms such as the UN Human Rights Council have been effective in monitoring and documenting human rights situations in different countries. They also provide important recommendations to governments on ways to improve their human rights record. 4. Economic sanctions: Economic sanctions can be a powerful tool in encouraging governments to do better in terms of human rights. They can put pressure on governments by limiting their access to the international community. 5. Utilizing legal mechanisms: Domestic and international courts can be used to hold governments accountable for human rights abuses. Overall, a comprehensive approach which uses a combination of approaches can help maximize the effectiveness in promoting and protecting human rights.

answer:Ordinary citizens have an important role to play in promoting and protecting human rights. Here are some ways in which they can contribute: 1. Spreading awareness: Ordinary citizens can help spread awareness about human rights issues, share information about violations, and create a broader understanding of the importance of human rights. 2. Campaigning and advocacy: Ordinary citizens can join campaigns and advocacy efforts aimed at promoting human rights. They can sign petitions, participate in protests, and engage with policymakers to advocate for the implementation of laws and policies that promote human rights. 3. Supporting human rights organizations: Ordinary citizens can support human rights organizations financially or by volunteering, which can enable them to carry out their work in protecting and promoting human rights more effectively. 4. Exercising their rights: Ordinary citizens can also exercise their own rights and show others how to do so. This includes the right to vote, freedom of speech, and freedom of assembly. 5. Reporting human rights abuses: Ordinary citizens can report human rights abuses they witness or come across to relevant authorities, such as the police or human rights organizations. In conclusion, ordinary citizens have an important role to play in promoting and protecting human rights. By spreading awareness, advocating for change, supporting human rights organizations, exercising rights and reporting abuses, they can contribute to making the world a more just and equitable place.

answer:1. Research scholarships: Start by researching different scholarships that are available for studying in Japan. Look for scholarships that specifically cater to international students or to students belonging to your nationality or academic background. 2. Check eligibility requirements: Once you have found scholarships that interest you, check the eligibility requirements. Make sure you meet the criteria in terms of academic performance, language proficiency, and other qualifications. 3. Prepare your application: Prepare your application documents as per the instructions given by the scholarship providers. This may include transcripts, letters of recommendation, essays, and language proficiency test scores. 4. Submit application: Submit your application to the scholarship provider by the deadline. Make sure you have included all the required documents and that your application is complete. 5. Follow up: Follow up with the scholarship provider to confirm the receipt of your application. If you are shortlisted for the scholarship, the provider may contact you for an interview or for additional documentation. 6. Accept scholarship offer: If you are selected for the scholarship, the provider will offer you the scholarship award. Accept the offer and proceed with the necessary steps to study abroad in Japan.

answer:Sure! Here are some scholarships in Japan that you may want to consider: 1. MEXT Scholarship: The Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) offers scholarships for international students to study in Japanese universities at the undergraduate, graduate or research level. 2. JASSO Scholarship: The Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO) offers scholarships to international students who are already studying in Japan at the undergraduate or graduate level. 3. ADB Scholarship: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) offers scholarships to citizens of ADB's borrowing member countries to pursue master's or PhD programs in Japan. 4. Rotary Peace Fellowship: The Rotary Foundation offers fellowships for individuals who want to pursue a master's degree in peace and conflict prevention and resolution at one of six Rotary Peace Centers, including one in Japan. 5. JICA Scholarship: The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) offers scholarships for individuals from developing countries to pursue master's or PhD degrees in development-related fields at Japanese universities. These scholarships have different eligibility requirements and application procedures. Make sure to check their websites for more information and to determine whether you are eligible to apply.